中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
台媒：蔡英文宣布延长兵役，义务兵或被派往台积电******
【环球时报综合报道】蔡英文宣布台军义务役延长到一年后，29日台媒进一步披露称，这些役男未来有“新任务”，即负责作战区内守备任务，包括保卫台积电厂区。
12月29日，台湾“行政院”核定兵役调整方案，2005年1月1日以后出生的役男，自2024年1月1日起恢复征集服常备兵现役，为期一年。自2024年起，义务役入伍训练将以实战化为核心，增加“中高级专长，新式武器与装备及民防训练，城镇战及连、营战斗教练与作战计划演练、汉光演习、民安演习”等训练。
台湾《中国时报》29日披露称，台陆军2023年年底将成立4个守备旅，2024年首年募集的9000名一年役期役男将是守备旅的主力，负责作战区内的守备任务，包括油、电等台湾重要基础设施以及台积电厂区的安全防护。台军方官员称，比较脆弱的电力等基础设施或台积电厂房等都是守备旅的重要防护任务，位于偏远地区重要设施，守备旅将以特遣排的编制负责。报道提及，今年10月时曾有外电声称大陆若“武力攻台”将重创台积电，对世界经济造成巨大损失，美国国务卿布林肯扬言台积电不能落入中共手中，美国政府已在规划台积电的紧急应变计划。其中一个说法是美国将会撤离台湾的工程师，在其他地方复制台积电；另一说法是“台湾若被占领，美国将采取焦土战略，摧毁台积电所有设施，阻止北京获得先进芯片技术”。《中国时报》称，为保护台积电，台军“汉光”演习的计算机兵推与实兵演练已多次进行“关键基础设施防护演练”，台陆军与宪兵特战部队也开始演练重要基础设施防护、反突袭等课目。
针对蔡英文否认延长兵役有美国压力，台大心理系名誉教授黄光国29日撰文称，美国官员三不五时就批评台湾战备训练不足，防务预算过低、役期过短，根本无力打仗。现在蔡当局决定延长役期，竟然说没有美方压力，“这不是睁着眼睛说瞎话吗？”他直批蔡当局就是“慕洋犬”，对美国百依百顺。媒体人朱凯翔29日称，其实无论台男当4个月还是一年兵都是炮灰，毕竟如果解放军真要“攻台”，必然精锐尽出，4个月、一年甚至两年的义务役士兵都没太大差别。退役中将吴斯怀认为，蔡当局私下已与美国达成默契，配合美国朝“不对称战争”准备，“台湾为什么要当棋子？”
“错误政策的代价”，《中国时报》以此为题评论称，民进党当局上台以来一味以强硬“抗中”姿态获取岛内政治利益，让两岸关系滑向深渊；在中美竞争中更完全倒向美国，对表面挺台、实则有意无意把台湾推向深渊的美国百依百顺，结果就是让台海成为“最危险的火药库”。不从两岸对话着手，买再多武器、役期再延长，都不能保障两岸和平与台湾安全。(张 若)
(环球时报)
